THE LAST LESSON | CLASS 12 | CBSE/NCERT | SUMMARY and IMPORTANT QUESTION
The last lesson summary
It is the story of a school teacher who taught French in a district of France. The district had been captured by the Prussian (German) army. All teaching of the French language was disallowed in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. French teachers were asked to leave their schools. This story describes the last lesson of one such teacher. The story is narrated by a little student named Franz in the teacher's class.
Little Franz was late for school that morning. He was afraid that the teacher would scold him. He was also afraid because the teacher was to ask questions on participles and he didn't know a word about them.
Little Franz thought of running away and spending the day out of doors. He saw the Prussian soldiers drilling in the open field. Watching them seemed to him to be far more tempting than the rules for participles. However, he hurried off to school.
On his way, little Franz passed by the Town Hall. He saw people in front of the bulletin board.
When little Franz reached his school, it was all very quiet. There was no noise at all. It was as quiet as Sunday morning. All his classmates were already in their seats.
Mr. Hamel, his teacher, was walking up and down. He had his terrible iron ruler under his arm.
Little Franz opened the door and went in. He was very frightened, but to his teacher said very kindly, "Go to your place quickly, little Franz."
Franz saw that the teacher was in one of his best dresses that he wore only on inspection or prize days. And the village people were sitting quietly at the back of the class. Everybody looked sad. Franz wondered what it was all about.
Mr. Hamel began in a very grave and gentle tone, "My children, this is the last lesson I shall give you. The order has come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new master comes tomorrow. This is your last French lesson. I want you to be very attentive."
Now for the first time, little Franz began to feel sorry for not being serious in his lessons. He was also sad that he would never see Mr. Hamel again. He forgot all about his ruler and cranky nature:
Now Franz understood why Mr. Hamel was in his best clothes. He also understood why the old men of the village were sitting there. They had come to show their respect for Mr. Hamel's forty years of faithful service.
Mr. Hamel asked Franz to recite the rule for participle. Franz got mixed up (उलझ गया) on the first words, but Mr. Hamel didn't scold him. He only said, "You pretend to be Frenchmen, and yet you can neither speak nor write your own language. But you're not the worst, little Franz. We've all a great deal to reproach ourselves (स्वयं को कोसने) with.” Then he spoke in detail about the French language and said that it was the clearest and most logical language in the world.
Mr. Hamel opened a grammar and gave his last lesson to the class. Little Franz was amazed to see that he understood every word of it. Mr. Hamel explained everything with great patience.
After the grammar, he gave a practice in writing. While the students were busy with their writing, Mr. Hamel gazed at everything in the little classroom. It was as if he wanted to fix everything in his mind. It must have broken his heart to think that he was to leave it all.
All at once the church clock struck twelve. The sounds of the midday prayer were heard. At the same moment, the trumpets of the Prussians returning from drill were heard. Mr. Hamel stood up to say something, but couldn't. He was choked with emotions. He took a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard, as large as he could, "Long Live France !"
The last lesson question answer
Q.1. What thought came to Franz's mind while going to school in the morning ?
Ans. Franz was late for school. He feared the teacher would scold him. Also, the teacher was to ask questions on participles. But Franz did not know a word about participles. So he thought of running away and spending the day out of doors.
Q 2 . What sights did Franz see on his way to school ?
Ans. First of all, he saw Prussian soldiers drilling in an open field. When he passed by the town hall, he saw a crowd in front of the bulletin board. Franz wondered what the matter could be on the news.
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Q. 3. Why did Franz think of running away and spending the day out of doors?
Ans. Franz was late for school. He feared the teacher would scold him. Also, the teacher was to ask questions on participles. Franz didn't know a word of them. So he thought of running away and spending the day out of doors.
Q.4. What things tempted Franz to keep away from school?
Ans. It was a warm and bright day. Birds were chirping in the trees. Some. Prussian were drilling in an open field. For Franz, it was far more tempting than going to school.
Q. 5. What did Franz see when he passed by the town hall ?
Ans. : Franz saw a crowd in front of the bulletin board. For the last two years, all bad news had come from this bulletin board. Franz thought to himself what the matter would be.
Q. 6. What did the blacksmith say to Franz ?
Ans. Being late for school, Franz was going as fast as he could. The blacksmith was standing in front of the bulletin board at the town hall. On seeing Franz, he said, "Don't go so fast, boy. You'll get to school in plenty of time."
Q. 7. What was Franz expected to be prepared with for school that day?
Ans : Franz was expected to be prepared with rules for the use of participles, But he didn't know a word of
them.
Q. 8. What usual noises could be heard in the street when the school began?
Ans. One could hear the opening and closing of desks. Then there was the loud noise of lessons repeated in unison. The teacher's great ruler rapping on the table could also be heard.
Q. 9. What did Franz notice that was unusual about the school that day?
Ans. There were usually lots of noises when the school began. For example, the sound of opening and closing of desks and teacher's great ruler rapping on the table could be heard. But that day it was all very quiet. It was as quiet as a Sunday morning.
Q. 10. What did Franz see through the window when he reached his school ?
Ans. Franz saw that his classmates were already in their places. His teacher, Mr. Hamel, was walking up and down in the classroom. He was holding his terrible iron ruler under his arm.
Q.11.How was Mr. Hamel dressed on his last day in school?
Ans. : Mr. Hamel was in his beautiful green coat and a frill shirt. He was wearing a little black silk cap. He never wore this dress except on inspection and prize days.
Q.12. What was the most surprising thing Franz saw in his classroom?
Ans. Franz saw the village people sitting quietly on the back benches. The old people like old Hauser, the former mayor, the former postmaster were present in the class. Everybody looked sad. Old Hauser had brought an old primer.
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Q.13. What information did Mr. Hamel give to the children in his class?
Ans. Mr. Hamel told the children that it would be his last lesson to his class. Orders had come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new master was coming the next day.
Q.14. What had been put up on the bulletin board?
Ans. It was an order from Berlin saying that only German would be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new teachers were coming the next day.
Q.15. What changes did the order from Berlin cause in school that day?
Ans. It was all quiet. There were no noises. It was as quiet as Sunday morning. Mr. Hamel said it would be his last lesson. Everybody looked sad. The village people had come to thank Mr. Hamel for his forty years of faithful service.
Q. 16. How did Franz's feelings about Mr. Hamel and his school change ?
Ans : It was like a shock for Franz that Mr Hamel was leaving for good. Mr. Hamel also make them understand that french language was the most beautiful and clearest language in the world. Franz felt miserable for not learning his lessons. Now he felt his books as his friends and school a lovable place.
Q.17. What did Mr. Hamel say when Franz failed to recite the rule for participles?
Ans. Mr. Hamel did not scold Franz. He only said that it is not good to put off learning. He said everybody was to blame for it.
Q. 18. What did Mr. Hamel say about the French language?
Ans. He called French the most beautiful language in the world. He said that it was the clearest and the most logical language. He wanted his people to keep it alive and never forget.
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